China Bars Dual-use Exports to Japan’s Military; Tokyo Rejects Ban

China has imposed a ban on the export of dual-use items to Japanese military users and for any purposes that could strengthen Japan’s military capabilities, a move Tokyo has condemned as “absolutely unacceptable.”

China’s Ministry of Commerce said the tightened export controls took effect on January 6 and apply to military users, military end-use, and any other end-users or purposes that contribute to Japan’s military strength. The ministry warned that organizations or individuals from any country or region that transfer or supply relevant dual-use items originating from China to Japan in violation of the rules will be held legally accountable.

The decision was taken under China’s laws and regulations to safeguard national security and interests and to meet international obligations, including non-proliferation commitments, the ministry said.

The dispute follows comments made late last year by Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, who said a Chinese attack on Taiwan could be considered an existential threat to Japan. Beijing demanded she retract the remarks, which she has not done.

A Chinese ministry spokesperson linked the ban of dual-use items to Takaichi’s remarks, stating that they interfered in China’s internal affairs and violated the one-China principle. China regards Taiwan as part of its territory, a position the island rejects.

Dual-use items include goods, software, and technologies that can be used for civilian or military purposes and may contribute to increased military potential, including materials critical to drones, semiconductors, and other defense-related applications.

Japan responded on Wednesday, with Chief Cabinet Secretary Minoru Kihara saying, “A measure such as this, targeting only our country, differs significantly from international practice, is absolutely unacceptable and deeply regrettable.” He said it remained unclear which items would be affected and declined to comment on the potential impact on Japanese industry.